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We show that protein unfolding on biomaterials may be dramatically reduced via tuning the chemical heterogeneity of the protein–material interface. Specifically, using dynamic single-molecule methods, we confirmed that the transient structure and

Paleoclimate records are rich sources of information about the past history of the Earth system. Information theory provides a new means for studying these records. We demonstrate that weighted permutation entropy of water-isotope data from the West

There is a growing interest in materials that can dynamically change their properties in the presence of cells to study mechanobiology. Herein, we exploit the 365 nm light mediated [4+4] photodimerization of anthracene groups to develop

Valve interstitial cells (VIC) are the primary cell type residing within heart valve tissues. In many valve pathologies, VICs become activated and will subsequently profoundly remodel the valve tissue extracellular matrix (ECM). A primary indicator

Bone marrow derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are a promising cell source for regenerative therapies; however, ex vivo expansion is often required to achieve clinically useful cells numbers. Recent results reveal that when MSCs are

Cells are capable of sensing the differences in elastic and viscous properties (i.e., the ‘viscoelasticity’) of their tissue microenvironment and responding accordingly by changing their transcriptional activity and modifying their behaviors. When

Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) sense and respond to the bulk elastic and viscoelastic properties of their microenvironment, as well as the spatial distribution of these mechanical signals. Hydrogel substrates with photo-controlled mechanical

Utilizing polymers in cardiac tissue engineering holds promise for restoring function to the heart following myocardial infarction, which is associated with grave morbidity and mortality. To properly mimic native cardiac tissue, materials must not

Conformational selection by small molecules expands inhibitory possibilities for protein kinases. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase ERK2 have shown that activation by dual phosphorylation

Physeal injuries can lead to bony repair tissue formation, known as a bony bar. This can result in growth arrest or angular deformity, which is devastating for children that have not yet reached their full height. Current clinical treatment involves